The LHDN formula
PCB for the month = [(P − M) × R + B − (Z + X)] ÷ (n + 1)
- P – estimated chargeable income for the year: pay so far, this month’s pay and the same pay for the remaining months, each minus EPF (up to the RM4,000 annual limit), minus RM9,000 personal relief, RM4,000 spouse relief (category 2) and RM2,000 per child.
- M, R, B – the start of P’s tax band, its rate, and the tax on M after the RM400 rebate (RM800 in category 2).
- Z, X – zakat and PCB already paid this year; n – months left after this one.
The result is cut to two decimals and rounded up to the next 5 sen. Amounts under RM10 are not deducted.
LHDN’s own example
For January, a married employee whose wife works (category 3), with three children, earning RM5,500 and contributing RM605 to EPF:
- K2 = (RM4,000 − RM605) ÷ 11 = RM308.63
- P = (RM5,500 − RM605) + (RM5,500 − RM308.63) × 11 − (RM9,000 + RM6,000) = RM47,000.07
- PCB = [(RM47,000.07 − RM35,000) × 6% + RM600] ÷ 12 = RM110.00
This calculator reproduces the figure exactly, and its tests check it on every build.
Worked example: RM6,000 a month
Monthly salary RM6,000, single
The PCB is RM 207.50 a month. With only the automatic reliefs, the tax for the full year is about RM 2,451.50, slightly less than 12 × PCB because the SOCSO/EIS relief is claimed when you file.
- PCB (monthly tax deduction)
- RM 207.50
- EPF (11%)
- RM 660.00
- Employer cost
- RM 6,836.05
Lowering your PCB
Give your employer Form TP1 to claim reliefs during the year – for example life insurance, medical and education insurance, lifestyle purchases or PRS contributions. They enter the formula as allowable deductions and reduce your PCB straight away instead of waiting for a refund.